Lena Mary Calhoun Horne (June 30, 1917
– May 9, 2010) was an American singer, actress, civil rights
activist and dancer.
Horne joined the chorus of the Cotton Club
at the age of sixteen and became a nightclub performer before moving to
Hollywood, where she had small parts in numerous movies, and more substantial
parts in the films Cabin in the Sky and Stormy Weather. Due to the Red Scare
and her left-leaning political views, Horne found herself blacklisted
and unable to get work in Hollywood.[1]
Returning to her roots as a nightclub performer, Horne
took part in the March on Washington in
August 1963, and continued to work as a performer, both in nightclubs and on
television, while releasing well-received record albums. She announced her
retirement in March 1980, but the next year starred in a one-woman show, Lena Horne: The Lady and Her Music,
which ran for more than three hundred performances on Broadway and earned her
numerous awards and accolades. She continued recording and performing
sporadically into the 1990s, disappearing from the public eye in 2000.
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